When adding a Microsoft account to a new user profile (like when configuring Teams or OneDrive) it is possible to get an error window like this

This is likely caused by a broken trust between computer and Azure AD: if you open an admin command prompt and run the command 

dsregcmd /status

in the "Device Status" section the "AzureAdJoined" property should be YES but if it shows NO then the computer has a broken trust. Another symptom of this broken trust is that the computer is asking weekly for MFA to access email on outlook, sharepoint etc. 

Also in Azure Portal in user's Sign-in logs if "device" is unknown it is another clue that the trust is broken

To fix the problem run in admin command prompt

DsRegCmd /debug /leave

and reboot computer, then run

DsRegCmd /join

and

DsRegCmd /status

now the "AzureAdJoined" property should be YES, Microsoft Accounts can be added without errors and computer will no longer asks for MFA