The VLOOKUP function is a built-in function in Excel that is categorized as a Lookup/Reference Function. 

It performs a vertical lookup by searching for a value in the first column of a table and returning the value in the same row in the index_number position. VLOOKUP supports approximate and exact matching, and wildcards (*) for partial matches.


The syntax for the VLOOKUP function in Microsoft Excel is:

VLOOKUP( value, table, index_number, [approximate_match] )

Parameters or Arguments:

value

The value to search for in the first column of the table.

table

Two or more columns of data that is sorted in ascending order.

index_number

The column number in table from which the matching value must be returned. The first column is 1.

approximate_match

Enter FALSE to find an exact match. Enter TRUE to find an approximate match. If this parameter is omitted, TRUE is the default.



Example:


Table in Sheet 1 & Sheet 2:




1. To Return the Item Name and Product Group to Sheet 1:


=VLOOKUP($A2,Sheet2!$B$2:$D$34,2,FALSE)


Parameters or Arguments:

value

The Item Number in Sheet 1 Column A

table

The table from Sheet 2 to match with Item Number, we start from column B to column D

index_number

To return from Sheet 2 Product Group we put 2 as the index number (count start from Sheet 2 Column B to Column C), for Item Name will be index number 3.

approximate_match

Input as FALSE to get the exact match result.




2. To Return the Opening and Closing balance for the item:


=IFNA(VLOOKUP("*"&A2&"*",Sheet1!$A$2:$E$17,5,FALSE),"NOT FOUND")



Parameters or Arguments:

value

If you only have the [Sheet 2] Family Item, then we can use wild card (*) to replace the unknown front or behind characters "*"&A2&"*" to partial match with [Sheet 1] Item Number.

table

The table from Sheet 1 to match with Item Number, we start from column A to column E.

index_number

To return Opening we put 4 as the index number (count start from Sheet 1 Column A to Column D), for Closing will be index number 5.

approximate_match

Input as FALSE to get the exact match result.


*To handle instances where the VLOOKUP function does not find a match and returns the #N/A error, we can use the ISNA, IFERROR and IFNA functions to return "Not Found"